What do supporting services provide for other ecosystem services?

Supporting services play a crucial role in maintaining the conditions necessary for the existence and functioning of other ecosystem services. These services include processes such as nutrient cycling, soil formation, and the provision of habitat for species. By creating and sustaining the fundamental conditions—such as fertile soil, water availability, and biodiversity—supporting services enable the environment to provide various other benefits, including provisioning services (like food and water), regulating services (like climate regulation), and cultural services (like recreational spaces). Thus, the correct answer highlights the vital role of supporting services in facilitating the overall health and functioning of ecosystems, which directly impacts other services that humans and nature rely on.